Hydraulic jack and method in the manufacture thereof



Aug. 13, 1940. R. w. WERNER 2,211,249 HYDRAULIC JACK AND METHOD IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF Filed Feb. 26. 1 7

Y .90 I i I 0 i, 1 J r v I 45 ////%Z J1 I IR J5 .75

. I I 26 Z 5a, 53

as v 25 W,WNTOR Patented Aug. 13,

HYDRAULIC JACK AND METHOD IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF Richard W. Werner, Milwaukee, Wis.

-'Application February 2 I 2 Claims My invention relates todmprovements in hydraulic jacks and methods in the manufacture thereof.

Y Theobject of my invention is to provide an entirely new arrangement of con'duits'in the base of a hydraulic jack whereby to simplify and lower the cost of construction of such Jacks and to safeguard against leakage of high pressure oil.

Another object of my invention is to provide novel construction of the base, reservoir and ram cylinder. of a hydraulic jack wherebythe ram cylinder is assembled .wlth the base and reservoir walls in aless costly manner and in such relation to the various parts as to accomplish and provide a most satisfactory assembly andsuccessfully block of! certain ducts which are made Y necessary by. my process of forming the useful I conduits in my Jack.

In the drawing: Figure 1 is a verticalsection taken upon the diameter of the ram cylinder and pump of my improved jack.

Figure 2 is asection on line 2--2 of Figure 1:

Figure 3 is a section on line 33 of Figure 1;

Like parts are designated by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

The main structuraLelements of my hydraulic jack include a base i3 and reservoir 1 I, which I prefer to form in one casting or one structural unitia ram cylinder i2,- a ram i3, a threaded extension for the ram, a pump including a pump piston iii. an actuator i3 therefor, together with a handle socket i1 and a handle l8 to operate pivotally about a pin i3 secured to the outside of the reservoir ii; and a bleed valve 20.

Special attention is directed to the conduits formed in the lower or base portion of the main casting 3 forming the principal structural element of my improvecbjack and to the manner and purpose of mounting my ram cylinder in the principal casting 3 whereby to block 011' certain of the conduits which I form in the intermediate stages of the manufacture and which are not necessa to the operation of my completed Jack. As shown most clearly in Figii, I form a conduit 2i with a counterbore 22 and a threaded pocket 23 substantially radially of the ram cylinder i2 at the extreme lower portion of the base and extending from the exterior thereof into the v lowermost portion of the ram cylinder. A needle valve 24 in threaded and packed relation to a plug 25 seats against a shoulder," between the conduit 2i and its-counterbore whereby to optionally the conduit against a pressure of liquid 6, 1937, Serial No. 127,831

in the ram cylinder. I form a pump cylinder 28 for the pump piston l5 and provide a pump supply duct 23 extending from the cylinder 28 downwardly into the base into communication at 30 with the counterbore 22.

The baseis formed to provide an annular wall 3i shouldered internally at 32 to receive the ram cylinder l2. Before the ram cylinder i2 is placed in position I bore a hole through the reservoir wall at 35 and through the annular wall at 33 10 and I extend therethrough tools with which to bore a short conduit 33 and a counterbore 31 therefor,; and I bore a conduit 38 which extends fromthe pump cylinder 28 downwardly to a junction at 39 with the short conduit 36. It will be 16 noted that the conduits extending downwardly from the pump cylinder are divergent, one being directed into the bleed" valve and the other into the short conduit 36. Ball checks at 40 and 4| control the conduits 38 and 29 respectively.

A liquid feed conduit 42 extends from the counterbore 22 to the reservoir at a point 43 at the base of the reservoir and at such a position radially of the ram cylinder that when my hydraulic 'jack is in a reclining position on its as right side the point 43 in the reservoir will be submerged by liquid from the reservoirand when the reservoir and jack structure is in a vertical position, the point 43 is likewise at a low point inthe reservoir. This is true because the reservoir 0 wall is tapered inwardly upwardly and the lower portion of my jack reservoir is of larger radius than the upper portion.

Having formed 'the conduit 36 and having placed the ball check 43 in the counterbore 31 5' thereof, I insert a gasket 44 upon the annular shoulder 32 machined in the base and I then place the ram cylinder i2. in the position shown inFig. 1. The upper tubular portion 46 of the reservoir is threaded interiorly and a swage nut 41 is a tightly thradedly inserted against the top margin 43 of the ram cylinder, thus forcing the lower edge of the ram cylinder into liquid-tight relation to the gasket 44.

" This method or sequence, of boring the holes at g '35 and at 33 whereby to provide access for the boring of the short conduit 36 is of extreme importance since it enables me to arrange the conduits in the base in the cheapest and easiest manner and the ram cylinder blocks off the hole at 50 33 eiiectively.

. Since the gasket 44 has 9. depending lip as seen clearly in Fig.. 1, this lip overhangs the exit of V the counterbore 31 sufliciently to'prevent displacement of the ball 40. l3

A groove at 58 in the upper margin of the ram cylinder forms a bypass for liquid when the ram cylinder reaches the extreme upper limit of its movement. Packing at it and packing nut 50 complete the liquid-tight relation of the ram l3 with its ram cylinder and base casting 9.

The hole in the side wall of the reservoir ii is closed by means of a filler plug 5i.

From the above description it will be seen that I have provided a hydraulic jack in which the conduits are easily formable in the base casting despite the fact that the walls of the reservoir formed integrally therewith are oi. such dimensions as to ofier dimculty in the formation of ducts in the base. It will also be seen that when the complete jack is assembled, the only points at which high pressure liquid may escape to the exterior of the jack, are through the packing 49 and past the pump plunger 55, which is of course equipped with the usual cup leathers as illustrated at 53 and through packing at 53. At all other points the leakage of high pressure liquid will result merely in the passage of the leaking material to the reservoir.

In operation my jack accomplishes its purpose as follows: a lifting motion upon the handle I8 results in a movement of the pump piston l6 upwardly and outwardly of the cylinder 28 thus drawing liquid through the conduit .42 into the counterbore 22 through the conduit 29 and ball check 4| into the pump cylinder. It is understood of course, that the bleed valve is smaller in diameter than the counterbore to provide for passage of oil thereby.

Upon a downward movement of the handle l8 the piston I5 is thrust downwardly so as to close 21,21 uses the ball check M and to pass liquid under pressure through conduit 38, short conduit 88, counterbore 3?,and ball check into the base of the ram cylinder. The ram cyllnderis thereby forced upwardly so as to accomplish a lifting operation, and when the ram is to be lowered the needle valve 20-24 is threadedly rotated out of liquid-tight relation to the shoulder 26 whereby to release fluid from the ram through conduit 2i through the counterbore 22 and the feed conduit 32 to the reservoir.

1 claim:

1. In a hydraulic jack having a base formed with an upstanding reservoir wall and a centrally positioned annular wall having an inwardly extending shoulder, aligned conduits extending through the wall of the reservoir and through the said annular wall above the line of said shoulder and extending downwardly into the base below said shoulder to provide a short conduit in said base and a ram cylinder receivable within said annular wall whereby to abut said shoulder and block ofi the conduit through said annular wall, said base being provided with a pump mechanism in communication with said short conduit whereby to provide a flow of liquid into the ram cylinder.

2. In a hydraulic jack 8. base bored to receive a ram cylinder and having an annular shouldered wall against which said cylinder may abut, said base having aligned conduits formed therein and intersecting said annular wall at an incline whereby to perforate said wall above the shoulder on one side and below the shoulder on the other side, and a ram cylinder abutting said shoulder and positioned to block off one portion of said conduit.

' RICHARD W. WERNER. 

